At one minute past midnight on Wednesday 24 June, pilots working for Aer Lingus will begin “a strict work to rule” in their pursuit of a pay claim.

While stopping well short of a strike, the industrial action will involve pilots refusing any flexibility with their work.

The Irish Airline Pilots’ Association (Ialpa) says the action will result in its members:

Aer Lingus says the action “will inevitably result in significant disruption to our customers”.

The action is taking place as the summer peak gets under way, with millions of passengers booked to fly on the Irish airline – including from the UK via Dublin to North America.

But it does not affect Aer Lingus UK services from Manchester across the Atlantic, nor the Aer Lingus Regional operation – which is provided by a separate carrier, Emerald Airlines.

These are the key questions and answers.

What is the dispute about?

In a ballot in pursuit of better pay, pilots voted 99 per cent in favour of over industrial action on an 89 per cent turnout.

Captain Mark Tighe, president of Ialpa, says: “Our pay claim is for 24 per cent, which equates to inflation since our last pay rise in 2019.

“Aer Lingus have increased their profits by 400 per cent to €255 million last year.

“Our pay claim is entirely affordable, and Aer Lingus management need to quickly change position if they want to avoid this dispute escalating.

“We are in this position because management have failed to provide us with a meaningful offer on pay that accounts for inflation and the sacrifices made by pilots to save Aer Lingus during the pandemic.”

He asserts that Aer Lingus management insists pilots must “sell their working conditions in exchange for any increase in pay”.

Captain Tighe says: “We are absolutely not prepared to do that, especially when Aer Lingus is making enormous profits.”

What does the airline say?

Aer Lingus says it told the union that “industrial action at this time of year would cause very significant disruption and have a devastating impact on customers and their families going into the summer holiday season”.

The airline says it hoped to “continue to engage in meaningful direct discussions on productivity and flexibility proposals to enable increased pay” but Ialpa refused it.

The Irish carrier says: “Profitability levels in Aer Lingus are the lowest in the IAG group with operating margin significantly lower than pre-Covid levels, making continued investment in the business by IAG challenging.

“Investment of such profits in paying exorbitant increases to already very well-paid pilots is simplistic in the extreme. “Ialpa demanded an unsustainable level of increase in pilot pay that was not supported by any increases in productivity or flexibility. Our pilots are highly regarded colleagues, and they are rightfully well paid for the work that they do.

“Aer Lingus pilots are more than fairly compensated compared to the market.”

The airline also says the union’s “failure to engage in the various independent processes in a responsible manner jeopardises our growth plans including our plans to fly to more destinations”.

What will the effect be of a “strict work to rule”?

It all depends on what happens from the start of the industrial action. In a perfect world, the Aer Lingus operation would continue absolutely as normal.

But aviation is a very dynamic industry and much can go wrong with the best-laid plans – including, for example:

Normally in any airline there is a degree of flexibility and goodwill among staff to adapt the operation in order to get people where they need to be. If that is removed by the pilots, disruption can swiftly ensue.

What sort of scenario could affect passengers?

Fridays in summer are extremely busy for air-traffic control, with pressure added by the closure of a large slice of airspace in eastern Europe. “Slot delays” of an hour or more are not unusual. Airlines will typically shuffle their fleets and crews to minimise the disruption for everyone, but Ialpa indicates this will not be possible.

Across the Atlantic – an extremely important market for Aer Lingus from Dublin and Shannon – summer storms are common. An unexpected delay at, say, Chicago, could mean that the pilots go beyond the normal basic flight duty period.

The captain is allowed to extend the flight duty period by two hours “in the event of unforeseen circumstances” at his or her discretion – which will often mean the difference between completing a flight or leaving passengers stranded. The indication from the Irish pilots’ union is that this would not be granted.

A scenario in which bad weather or a mechanical problem meant a long delay on the ground in the US could mean passengers stranded overnight, with the aircraft being stuck at an American airport rather than back in Dublin ready for its next mission.

The airline says it will “turn its focus to doing everything possible to minimise the impact of the disruption to our customers”.

Aer Lingus has also criticised Ialpa for announcing the action at just one week’s notice, as required by law – rather than 15 days, which would give it more time to prepare for disruption.

How badly will UK passengers be affected?

The Aer Lingus Manchester-North America operation is unaffected, as are Aer Lingus Regional flights from various UK airports to Dublin.

But these regional flights often carry passengers who are heading for North America – using the excellent pre-clearance facility for US Customs and Border Protection, which means you arrive in an American airport as a domestic passenger.

In addition, many families from Northern Ireland travel south to Dublin to fly to Mediterranean destinations.

If my flight is disrupted, what are my rights?

As an EU airline, Aer Lingus must comply with European air passengers’ rights rules. These stipulate a duty of care in the event of delays and cancellatioons.

Regardless of the cause of disruption, the airline must get passengers to their destination as soon as possible. For European destinations, that could mean Aer Lingus buying you a ticket on Ryanair.

In the event of a transatlantic cancellation, Aer Lingus could have to buy seats on Air Canada, American Airlines, Delta, JetBlue, United or WestJet.

Given that so many flights are very heavily booked, though, it may take time to find spare seats.

For overnight delays, Aer Lingus must provide hotels and meals.

In addition, passengers are likely to be entitled to cash compensation of between €250 and €600.

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