From 5 November to 2 December 2020, most travel within England will be banned, along with overseas holidays, in a bid to limit the spread of coronavirus. Wales is currently in a “firebreak lockdown,” which eases on 9 November – but from then on, international travel will still be banned for Welsh residents.

While prospective travellers wait for more clarity, this is what we know so far.

You should not travel if you are experiencing coronavirus symptoms or sharing a household or support bubble with someone who is symptomatic, or have been told to self-isolate after being contacted by NHS Test and Trace.

Otherwise, you may travel, but your freedom to do so is heavily restricted.

There are general exemptions for travelling to an education establishment, for caring responsibilities and for work where this cannot be done from home.

You can also travel for medical appointments or emergencies, to go to “venues that are open” such as shops deemed to be essential retail and to exercise, if you need to make a short journey to do so.

“Look to reduce the number of journeys you make,” the government adds. It also says: “You should avoid travelling in or out of your local area.” The Independent is trying to find out how that area is defined.

Yes. The government says: “We encourage you to walk or cycle where possible.” But there is no general warning against using buses, trains, trams or, in London, the Tube.

The presumption – based on previous practice – is that a near-normal service will operate. The government advises: “Plan ahead and avoid busy times and routes on public transport. This will allow you to practise social distancing while you travel.” But with so few passengers, keeping your distance is unlikely to be a problem.

If you are allowed to travel for one of the reasons outlined above, then you will be able to fly. However, many flights have been cancelled in response to the second lockdown; for example, easyJet has cancelled all remaining Bristol-Newcastle flights until 3 December, and will fly between Gatwick and Edinburgh only four days a week.

Not for fun. “Overnight stays and holidays away from primary residences will not be allowed,” says the government. “You cannot stay in a second home, if you own one, or stay with anyone you do not live with or are in a support bubble with.”

But there is an exemption if you need to stay away from home “for work, education or other legally permitted reasons”. Again, The Independent is seeking more details on what constitutes “legally permitted reasons”.

In this case two sets of rules appear to be in conflict with one another. The government guidelines on self-isolation for arriving travellers say: “Only use public transport if you have no other option.” 

The implication: ideally, a member of the household where the traveller will be in quarantine will be able to pick them up from the airport. But this would almost certainly breach the stipulation to "avoid travelling in or out of your local area”. 

On balance, if you can make the journey to the airport and back without stopping along the way, that may reduce the chances of contracting (or spreading) coronavirus. But from an overall risk perspective, driving is far more dangerous than travelling by train.

At present, the “firebreak lockdown” rules are very similar to England’s lockdown regulations: travel is for essential purposes only, with holidays at home or abroad banned. From 9 November: "People should avoid non-essential travel as much as possible. There will be no legal restrictions on travel within Wales for residents, but international travel should be for essential reasons only.”

It is not clear. Previously, however, it has been assumed that people will do the right thing.